Kamera opskura

master's thesis

• Author: Lana Bijuk
• Mentor: Miroslav Mikota (mentor)
• Committee member: Miroslav Mikota (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Graphic Arts; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2011-10-5, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Graphic Technology

Abstract

Kamera opskura ureĊaj je koji nema leću, a ĉiji objektiv ĉini obiĉna rupica koja propušta svjetlost i projekcijom stvara obrnutu sliku. Tijelo kamere mora biti svjetlonepropusno, a moţe biti napravljeno na bezbroj naĉina i od bezbroj materijala. Za razliku od fotoaparata s lećom kamera opskura ima neograniĉenu širinu kuta snimanja i kontinuiranu dubinsku oštrinu od nule do beskonaĉnosti. Svi detalji motiva jednake su oštrine bez obzira na udaljenost motiva od kamere ili zaslona od rupice; iako je ta oštrina manja nego kod klasiĉnih fotoaparata (kamerom opskurom dobivaju se mekanije slike).

Još u 4. stoljeću prije Krista, Grci pišu o pojavama osnovne kamere opskure u prirodi i svugdje oko nas, a upotreba kamere opskure ostaje sve do danas. Proces izrade i raĉunanje potrebnih parametara (promjer rupice, ekspozicija...) opisani su u ovom radu. Priroda kamere opskure je neprecizna tako da unatoĉ matematici koja se nalazi iza svega, svaka kamera opskura prolazi proces kalibracije metodom pokušaja i pogreški.

Za razliku od moderne fotografije gdje je uglavnom naglasak na rezultatima, kod korištenja kamere opskure naglasak je na samom procesu – zadovoljstvo izraĊivanja kamere opskure, zadovoljstvo planiranja kompozicije i zadovoljstvo izrade slike jednostavnim ureĊajem.

Abstract (english)

Pinhole camera is a device with a small hole for a lens. Light passes through this single hole and projects an inverted image. Body of the camera has to be light-proof and can be built in many ways and from various materials. Unlike the lens camera, pinhole camera has an infinite depth of field and angle of view. All the details of the object are equally sharp regardless of it's distance from the camera or the film plane's from the pinhole; but this does not mean that no optical blurring occurs.

Since the 4th century BC, old Greeks have wrote about basic pinhole camera constructions in the nature and all around us, and it's remained in use to this day. The calculations and the making of the camera (pinhole diameter, exposure time etc.) have been described in this paper. The pinhole camera is inprecise in it's nature, therefore inspite of the math behind it all, every pinhole camera must go through a calibration process by trial and error.

Contrary to modern photography where the emphasis is mainly on the results, when using pinhole camera the emphasis is on the process itself – the pleasure of building the camera, the pleasure of planning the image composition and the pleasure of making images with this simple device.

• Keywords: kamera opskura; rupica; svjetlonepropusni sustav; ekspozicija; dubinska oštrina
• Keywords (english): pinhole camera; pinhole; ligth-proof system; exposure; depth of field
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:216:645489
• Study programme: Title: Graphic technology; specializations in: Graphic technology, Design of graphic products; Course: Graphic technology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka grafičke tehnologije (sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka grafičke tehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2024-04-17 09:40:23