Tonsko mapiranje RAW digitalnih zapisa fotografske slike

undergraduate thesis

• Author: Iva Komesar
• Mentor: Miroslav Mikota (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivana Žiljak-Stanimirović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Miroslav Mikota (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nikola Mrvac (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Graphic Arts; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Graphic Technology

Abstract

Standardno snimanje digitalnim fotografskim aparatom rezultira 8 bitnim zapisom za plavi, zeleni i crveni kanal što odgovara i standardnom JPEG zapisu fotografske slike koji je u daljnoj fazi digitalnog fotografskog sustava obradiv i u konačnici reproducibilan, tj. ostvarljiv. Koristeći različite tehnike realizacije, potencijalno, rezultira razlučivanjem 16,8 milijuna boja što, idejno, odgovara ljudskom viđenju. Međutim, potencijalna scena sadrži bitno veći raspon tonova i boja, odnosno, njezin je dinamički raspon višestruko veći, što je fotografski moguće zabilježiti korištenjem tehnika HDR fotografije. Ipak, HDR fotografija nije pogodna za sve fotografske objekte i motive te se kao alternativa nameće korištenje punog dinamičkog raspona senzora digitalnog fotografskog aparata tj. snimanja u sirovom (RAW) formatu. U promatranom slučaju snimanje rezultira 14 bitnim zapisom po kanalu koji predstavalja pseudo HDR zapis. Međutim, tako dobiveni zapis nije reproducibilan te se prije realizacije treba provesti mapiranje tonova u 8-bitni zapis za što danas postoji niz različitih softverskih rješenja koja se teoretski i eksperimentalno analiziraju u ovom radu. Kako bi se provela objektivna usporedba fotografija dobivenih snimanjem u RAW formatu i različitim mapiranjima tonova, korišten je i testiran model usporedbe izlaznih histograma fotografije.

Abstract (english)

Standard image recording with a digital photo camera results with 8-bit image data for blue, green and red channels which correspond to a standard JPEG photographic images that are processable in a further stage of digital photography system and ultimately reproducible, i.e. they are achievable. Using different realization techniques potentially results with resolutions of 16,8 million colors which, ideally, matches the human vision. However, a potential scene contains a substantially wider range of tones and colors, i.e., its dynamic range is several times bigger, which is possible to capture by using HDR imaging techniques. Nevertheless, HDR photography is not suitable for all photographic objects and motives so as an alternative it imposes the use of full dynamic range of digital camera's sensor, i.e. shooting in RAW format. In the observed case, the recording results with 14-bit per channel which represents the pseudo HDR image. However, thusly obtained image data is not reproducible and before realization requires for tone mapping to be done into 8-bit data for which there is a range of different software solutions today that are theoretically and experimentally analyzed in the paper. To objectively compare photographs made by using RAW format and different tone mappins, model for comparing output histograms of photographs has been used and tested.

• Keywords: JPEG; RAW; HDR; tonsko mapiranje; histogram
• Keywords (english): JPEG; RAW; HDR; tone mapping; histogram
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:216:361031
• Study programme: Title: Printing technology, course Technical - technological; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka grafičke tehnologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka grafičke tehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-04-16 17:20:46