Uloga kemije koloidnih površina u procesima bistrenja otpadnih voda

master's thesis

• Author: Stela Težulat
• Mentor: Mirela Rožić (mentor)
• Committee member: Mirela Rožić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Graphic Arts; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2006-5-00, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Graphic Technology

Abstract

Kod prirodnih i otpadnih voda vrlo često su prisutne suspendirane i koloidne disperzije koje je tehnološkim postupcima koagulacije i ultrafiltracije potrebno pročistiti. Elektrokinetička svojstva suspendiranih i koloidnih čestica, kao što su izoelektrična točka i elektrokinetički (zeta) potencijal, važna su u shvaćanju mehanizama, te predviđanju učinkovitosti tehnološkog postupka bistrenja vode.

Prilikom proučavanja otpadnih voda grafičke industrije važnu ulogu imaju određena svojstva koloidnih (pigmenti) i grubih (pomoćni pigmenti) suspenzija, te koloidnih (bojila, polimerne molekule) i pravih otopina (otapala).

U ovom radu ispitana je učinkovitost klasičnog postupka bistrenja – koagulacije, otpadnih voda tvornice proizvodnje grafičkih boja Chromos, Samobor s anorganskim koagulantom željezo (III) kloridom i H3O+ ionima. Rezultati ispitivanja pokazala su da su Fe3+ ioni djelotvorni koagulanti za neutralizaciju negativnog naboja pigmenata, pomoćnih pigmenata (CaCO3) i veziva (akrilni polimeri), dok H3O+ ioni (pH=3) neutraliziraju naboje akrilnih polimera, CaCO3, te djelomično pigmenata. Nekoagulirane pigmente, molekule otapala, te nepolarne polimerne molekule potrebno je ukloniti iz voda adsorpcijom na odgovarajuće hidrofobne adsorbense, membranskim procesima ili njihovom kombinacijom (tzv. složeni hibridni procesi).

Abstract (english)

In natural and wastewaters frequently there are suspended and coloid dispesions that require cleaning by technological processes of coagulation and ultrafiltration. Electrokinetic properties of suspended and coloid particles, e.g. isoelectic points and electrokinetic (zeta) potential, are important for understanding of the mechanisms and prediction of the effectiveness of the technological procedure of sedimentation.

Properties of the coloid (pigments) and rough (auxiliary pigments) suspensions and coloid (dyestaff, polymer molecules) and solid solutions (solvents) are important for analizing the wastewaters of graphic industry.

In this work the effectiveness of the classic sedimentation procedure was investigated – coagulation of the wastewaters with the anorganic coagulant ferro iron (III) chloride and H3O+ ions in the printing color factory Chromos, Samobor. The results have shown that the Fe3+ ions are effective coagulants for neutralization of the negative charge of the pigments, auxiliary pigments (CaCO3) and binders (acrylic polymers), while H3O+ ions (pH=3) neutralized charges of the acrylic polimers, CaCO3, and, partly, pigments. Non-coagulated pigments, solvent molecules and non-polar polimer molecules have to be removed by adsorption on hydrophobic adsorbents, membranic processes or their combination (so called complex hybrid processes).

• Keywords: Otpadne vode; grafička industrija; koagulacija; fleksografske boje
• Keywords (english): Wastewaters; graphic industry; coagulation; flexographic inks
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:216:630459
• Study programme: Title: Graphic technology; specializations in: Graphic technology, Design of graphic products; Course: Graphic technology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka grafičke tehnologije (sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka grafičke tehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2024-04-18 14:08:11