Tonsko mapiranje RAW digitalnih zapisa fotografske slike

undergraduate thesis

• Author: Iva Komesar
• Mentor: Miroslav Mikota (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivana Žiljak-Stanimirović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Miroslav Mikota (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nikola Mrvac (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Graphic Arts; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-9-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Graphic Technology

Abstract

Standardno snimanje digitalnim fotografskim aparatom rezultira 8 bitnim

zapisom za plavi, zeleni i crveni kanal što odgovara i standardnom JPEG

zapisu fotografske slike koji je u daljnoj fazi digitalnog fotografskog sustava

obradiv i u konačnici reproducibilan, tj. ostvarljiv. Koristeći različite tehnike

realizacije, potencijalno, rezultira razlučivanjem 16,8 milijuna boja što, idejno,

odgovara ljudskom viđenju. Međutim, potencijalna scena sadrži bitno veći

raspon tonova i boja, odnosno, njezin je dinamički raspon višestruko veći, što je

fotografski moguće zabilježiti korištenjem tehnika HDR fotografije. Ipak, HDR

fotografija nije pogodna za sve fotografske objekte i motive te se kao alternativa

nameće korištenje punog dinamičkog raspona senzora digitalnog fotografskog

aparata tj. snimanja u sirovom (RAW) formatu. U promatranom slučaju

snimanje rezultira 14 bitnim zapisom po kanalu koji predstavalja pseudo HDR

zapis. Međutim, tako dobiveni zapis nije reproducibilan te se prije realizacije

treba provesti mapiranje tonova u 8-bitni zapis za što danas postoji niz različitih

softverskih rješenja koja se teoretski i eksperimentalno analiziraju u ovom radu.

Kako bi se provela objektivna usporedba fotografija dobivenih snimanjem u

RAW formatu i različitim mapiranjima tonova, korišten je i testiran model

usporedbe izlaznih histograma fotografije.

Abstract (english)

Standard image recording with a digital photo camera results with 8-bit image

data for blue, green and red channels which correspond to a standard JPEG

photographic images that are processable in a further stage of digital

photography system and ultimately reproducible, i.e. they are achievable. Using

different realization techniques potentially results with resolutions of 16,8 million

colors which, ideally, matches the human vision. However, a potential scene

contains a substantially wider range of tones and colors, i.e., its dynamic range

is several times bigger, which is possible to capture by using HDR imaging

techniques. Nevertheless, HDR photography is not suitable for all photographic

objects and motives so as an alternative it imposes the use of full dynamic

range of digital camera's sensor, i.e. shooting in RAW format. In the observed

case, the recording results with 14-bit per channel which represents the pseudo

HDR image. However, thusly obtained image data is not reproducible and

before realization requires for tone mapping to be done into 8-bit data for which

there is a range of different software solutions today that are theoretically and

experimentally analyzed in the paper. To objectively compare photographs

made by using RAW format and different tone mappins, model for comparing

output histograms of photographs has been used and tested.

• Keywords: JPEG; RAW; HDR; tonsko mapiranje; histogram
• Keywords (english): JPEG; RAW; HDR; tone mapping; histogram
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:216:834058
• Study programme: Title: Printing technology, course Technical - technological; Course: Graphic technology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka grafičke tehnologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka grafičke tehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-04-16 17:20:46