Title Slama žitarica kao alternativni izvor vlakanaca u izradi papira za novinski tisak Title (english) Grain straw as an alternative source of fibers for coldset paper production Author Ivana Plazonić Mentor Željka Barbarić-Mikočević (mentor)Committee member Vesna Džimbeg-Malčić (član povjerenstva)Committee member Željka Barbarić-Mikočević (član povjerenstva)Committee member Ljubica Matijašević (član povjerenstva) Committee member Mirela Rožić (član povjerenstva)Committee member Miroslav Gojo (član povjerenstva) Committee member Alan Antonović (član povjerenstva) Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2014-4-29, Croatia Scientific / art field, TECHNICAL SCIENCES Universal decimal classificationUDC ) 655 - Graphic industries. Printing. Publishing. Book trade Abstract Pronalazak alternativnih izvora primarnih celuloznih vlakanaca od iznimne je važnosti s
obzirom da su različite vrste četinjača i listača postale nedostatna osnovna sirovina u
proizvodnji papira. Istraživanja u ovom radu su usmjerena na mogućnost dobivanja nedrvnih
celuloznih vlakanaca iz slame najzastupljenijih ratarskih vrsta u Hrvatskoj, pšenice, ječma i
pšenoraži, te njihovoj primjeni u izradi papira za novinski tisak. Papiri te kategorije danas se
najvećim dijelom proizvode iz sekundarnih sirovina, iskorištenih tiskovina. Dodatkom
primarnih celuloznih vlakanaca žitarica kao zamjenske sirovine primarnim drvnim
vlakancima, pri proizvodnji papira za novinski tisak može se oplemeniti pulpa sekundarnih
vlakanaca koja su tijekom postupaka oporabe kemijski zasićena i istrošena.
U svjetskim razmjerima provedena su mnogobrojna istraživanja pronalaska alternativnih
nedrvnih sirovina kao izvora celuloznih vlakanaca. Prvenstveno se proučava njihova primjena
u izradi ambalaže i valovite ljepenke (vanjskog – liner sloja i unutarnjeg – fluting sloja).
Rezultati analize kemijskog sastava slame pšenice, ječma i pšenoraži ukazuju na dostatnu
količinu celuloze u slami ispitivanih žitarica, te malu količinu inkrusta, prvenstveno lignina,
anorganskih i akcesornih tvari čime predstavljaju potencijalnu sirovinu za dobivanje
celuloznih vlakanaca. Analizom elemenata, ICP-MS metodom, potvrđuje se kako je s
kemijskog aspekta slama pšenoraži najpovoljnija za obradu jer sadrži najmanji udio metala
kao željeza, cinka, aluminija, kroma, nikala, olova te polumetala bora i silicija.
Celulozna su vlakanca iz slame žitarica izdvojena alkalnim postupkom obrade na dva načina
pri definiranim uvjetima. Laboratorijski listovi novinskog papira načinjeni su iz tržišnog
novinskog papira koji se u nekim hrvatskim tiskarama koristi za otiskivanje dnevnih novina
veće naklade. Optimalni udio vlakanaca izdvojenih iz slame žitarica koji je dodavan u
suspenziju tržišnog novinskog papira utvrđen je na temelju rezultata ispitivanja mehaničkih
svojstava neotisnutih laboratorijskih listova te najkvalitetnije reprodukcije otisnutih
laboratorijskih listova s bojama za novinski tisak. Kvaliteta reprodukcije je praćena
ispitivanjem otpornosti prema otiranju.
Znanstveni doprinos disertacije je prilog istraživanjima o mogućnosti korištenja celuloznih
vlakanaca slame žitarica hrvatskog podneblja u proizvodnji novinskog papira.
Abstract (english) Finding alternative sources of virgin cellulose fibers is of great importance considering that
the different types of coniferous and deciduous become insufficient raw material for the paper
production. The research presented in this research paper focuses on the possibility of
obtaining non-wood cellulose fibers from the straw the most abundant species in Croatia,
wheat, barley and triticale, and their use in newsprint papermaking. These paper categories,
today, are mostly products made from recycled raw materials, especially old publications.
Usage of the primary cellulosic fibre isolated from straw instead of primary wood fibres, in
the newsprint papermaking process can refine recovered pulp where fibres are shortened and
chemically saturated with chemicals during the recovery process.
The numerous researches conducted on a global scale found alternative non-wood raw
materials, as a source of cellulose fibres, which were mostly focused on their use in the
packaging and corrugated cardboard (liner and fluting papers) production.
The chemical composition analysis results wheat, barley and triticale straw, indicate a
sufficient amount of cellulose in grain straw and a small amount of incrusting, mainly lignin,
inorganic and accessory substances which are an indication of a potential raw material for the
cellulose fibre isolation. By analyzing the elements, ICP - MS method, has confirmed that
from chemical aspects the triticale straw is the most favourable as a raw material because it
contains the smallest proportion of metals such as iron, zinc, aluminium, chromium, nickel,
lead and metalloids boron and silicon.
The cellulose fibres were isolated from grain straw by alkaline procedure in two ways at
precisely defined conditions. The laboratory newsprint handsheets were made from market
newsprint paper that is used in some Croatian publishing houses for printing a daily
newspaper in larger editions. The optimum share of fibres isolated from grain straw added in
the market newsprint pulp, which is normally used for cold set offset printing, was determined
on the laboratory newsprint sheets basis on the mechanical tests results and the highest
reproduction quality of printed laboratory handsheets by the colours for newspaper printing.
The reproduction quality was monitored through smearing resistance analysis.
The scientific contribution of the thesis is a research enclosure on the possibility of the
cellulose fibre isolated from grain straw in the Croatian region usage in the production of
newsprint.
Keywords
slama žitarica
primarna i sekundarna celulozna vlakanca
papiri za novinski
tisak
mehanička svojstva papira
kvaliteta reprodukcije
Keywords (english)
grain straw
primary and secondary cellulose fibres
newsprint paper
mechanical
properties
reproduction quality
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:216:310272 Study programme Title: Graphic engineering and graphic product design Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2024-04-24 22:11:30
